Abroms L, Jorgensen CM, Southwell BG, Geller AC, Emmons KM. Gender differences in young adults' beliefs about sunscreen use. Health Educ Behav 2003; 30(1): 29-43.
Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF), Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (DKG), Deutsche Krebshilfe (DKH). S3-Leitlinie Prävention von Hautkrebs. AWMF-Registernr.: 032-052OL. March 2014. (Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie).
Bjelakovic G, Gluud LL, Nikolova D, Whitfield K, Krstic G, Wetterslev J et al. Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of cancer in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; (6): CD007469.
Bjelakovic G, Gluud LL, Nikolova D, Whitfield K, Wetterslev J, Simonetti RG et al. Vitamin D supplementation for prevention of mortality in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; (1): CD007470.
Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz (BfS). Optische Strahlung: Tipps zum UV-Schutz. April 11, 2018.
Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz (BfS). Optische Strahlung: UV-Schutz für die Haut. May 25, 2018.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sun Safety. March 24, 2018.
Dennis LK, Beane Freeman LE, VanBeek MJ. Sunscreen use and the risk for melanoma: a quantitative review. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139(12): 966-978.
Eadie D, MacAskill S. Results from an exploratory study of sun protection practice: Implications for the design of health promotion messages. Health Ed Res 2007; 107(3): 250-260.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Tips to Stay Safe in the Sun: From Sunscreen to Sunglasses. June 27, 2017.
Garside R, Pearson M, Moxham T. What influences the uptake of information to prevent skin cancer? A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research. Health Educ Res 2010; 25(1): 162-182.
Lautenschlager S, Wulf HC, Pittelkow MR. Photoprotection. Lancet 2007; 370(9586): 528-537.
Leske S, Young RM, White KM, Hawkes AL. A qualitative exploration of sun safety beliefs among Australian adults. Aust Psychol 2014; 49(4): 253-270.
Lin JS, Eder M, Weinmann S. Behavioral counseling to prevent skin cancer: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2011; 154(3): 190-201.
Lorenc T, Jamal F, Cooper C. Resource provision and environmental change for the prevention of skin cancer: systematic review of qualitative evidence from high-income countries. Health Promot Int 2013; 28(3): 345-356.
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Melanoma: assessment and management. July 2015. (NICE Guidelines; Volume 14).
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Skin cancer prevention. January 2011. (Public Health Guidelines; Volume 32).
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Sunlight exposure: risks and benefits. February 2016. (NICE Guidelines; Volume 34).
Silva ES, Tavares R, Paulitsch FD, Zhang L. Use of sunscreen and risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Dermatol 2018; 28(2): 186-201.
World Health Organization (WHO). Global solar UV index. A Practical Guide. August 2002.
Young R, Logan C, Lovato CY, Moffat B, Shoveller JA. Sun protection as a family health project in families with adolescents. J Health Psycho 2005; 10(3): 333-344.
Zeeb H, Greinert R. The role of vitamin D in cancer prevention: does UV protection conflict with the need to raise low levels of vitamin D? Dtsch Arztebl Int 2010; 107(37): 638-643.
IQWiG health information is written with the aim of helping people understand the advantages and disadvantages of the main treatment options and health care services.
Because IQWiG is a German institute, some of the information provided here is specific to the German health care system. The suitability of any of the described options in an individual case can be determined by talking to a doctor. informedhealth.org can provide support for talks with doctors and other medical professionals, but cannot replace them. We do not offer individual consultations.
Our information is based on the results of good-quality studies. It is written by a team of health care professionals, scientists and editors, and reviewed by external experts. You can find a detailed description of how our health information is produced and updated in our methods.