Campo M, Zadro JR, Pappas E et al. The effectiveness of biofeedback for improving pain, disability and work ability in adults with neck pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2021; 52: 102317.
Chen X, Coombes BK, Sjøgaard G et al. Workplace-Based Interventions for Neck Pain in Office Workers: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Phys Ther 2018; 98(1): 40-62.
Christensen SW, Rasmussen MB, Jespersen CL et al. Soft-collar use in rehabilitation of whiplash-associated disorders - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Musculoskelet Sci Pract 2021; 55: 102426.
Cohen SP, Hooten WM. Advances in the diagnosis and management of neck pain. BMJ 2017; 358: j3221.
Derry S, Moore RA, Gaskell H et al. Topical NSAIDs for acute musculoskeletal pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; (6): CD007402.
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin (DEGAM). Nackenschmerzen (S1-Leitlinie, in Überarbeitung). AWMF-Registernr.: 053-007. 2016.
Eubanks JD. Cervical radiculopathy: nonoperative management of neck pain and radicular symptoms. Am Fam Physician 2010; 81(1): 33-40.
Furlan AD, Yazdi F, Tsertsvadze A et al. Complementary and alternative therapies for back pain II. Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep) 2010; (194): 1-764.
Graham N, Gross A, Goldsmith CH et al. Mechanical traction for neck pain with or without radiculopathy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008; (3): CD006408.
Gross A, Kay TM, Paquin JP et al. Exercises for mechanical neck disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; (1): CD004250.
Gross A, Langevin P, Burnie SJ et al. Manipulation and mobilisation for neck pain contrasted against an inactive control or another active treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; (9): CD004249.
Gross AR, Peloso PM, Galway E et al. Physician-delivered injection therapies for mechanical neck disorders: a systematic review update (non-oral, non-intravenous pharmacological interventions for neck pain). Open Orthop J 2013; 7: 562-581.
Hoe VC, Urquhart DM, Kelsall HL et al. Ergonomic interventions for preventing work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb and neck among office workers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; (10): CD008570.
Kadhim-Saleh A, Maganti H, Ghert M et al. Is low-level laser therapy in relieving neck pain effective? Systematic review and meta-analysis. Rheumatol Int 2013; 33(10): 2493-2501.
Kroeling P, Gross A, Graham N et al. Electrotherapy for neck pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; (8): CD004251.
Martimbianco ALC, Porfirio GJ, Pacheco RL et al. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for chronic neck pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; (12): CD011927.
McNicol ED, Midbari A, Eisenberg E. Opioids for neuropathic pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; (8): CD006146.
Mesregah MK, Feng W, Huang WH et al. Clinical Effectiveness of Interlaminar Epidural Injections of Local Anesthetic with or without Steroids for Managing Chronic Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pain Physician 2020; 23(4): 335-348.
Navarro-Santana MJ, Sanchez-Infante J, Gómez-Chiguano GF et al. Dry Needling Versus Trigger Point Injection for Neck Pain Symptoms Associated with Myofascial Trigger Points: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pain Med 2022; 23(3): 515-525.
Nielsen SM, Tarp S, Christensen R et al. The risk associated with spinal manipulation: an overview of reviews. Syst Rev 2017; 6(1): 64.
Patel KC, Gross A, Graham N et al. Massage for mechanical neck disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; (9): CD004871.
Skelly AC, Chou R, Dettori JR et al. Noninvasive Nonpharmacological Treatment for Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review Update (AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews; No. 227). 2020.
Thoomes EJ, Scholten-Peeters W, Koes B et al. The effectiveness of conservative treatment for patients with cervical radiculopathy: a systematic review. Clin J Pain 2013; 29(12): 1073-1086.
Walton DM, Carroll LJ, Kasch H et al. An Overview of Systematic Reviews on Prognostic Factors in Neck Pain: Results from the International Collaboration on Neck Pain (ICON) Project. Open Orthop J 2013; 7: 494-505.
Yuan QL, Guo TM, Liu L et al. Traditional Chinese Medicine for Neck Pain and Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10(2): e0117146.
IQWiG health information is written with the aim of helping people understand the advantages and disadvantages of the main treatment options and health care services.
Because IQWiG is a German institute, some of the information provided here is specific to the German health care system. The suitability of any of the described options in an individual case can be determined by talking to a doctor. informedhealth.org can provide support for talks with doctors and other medical professionals, but cannot replace them. We do not offer individual consultations.
Our information is based on the results of good-quality studies. It is written by a team of health care professionals, scientists and editors, and reviewed by external experts. You can find a detailed description of how our health information is produced and updated in our methods.