Aidelsburger P, Schauer S, Grabein K, Wasem J. Alternative methods for the treatment of post-menopausal troubles. GMS Health Technol Assess 2012; 8: Doc03.
Avis NE, Stellato R, Crawford S, Johannes C, Longcope C. Is there an association between menopause status and sexual functioning? Menopause 2000; 7(5): 297-309.
Berterö C. What do women think about menopause? A qualitative study of women's expectations, apprehensions and knowledge about the climacteric period. Int Nurs Rev 2003; 50(2): 109-118.
De Salis I, Owen-Smith A, Donovan JL, Lawlor DA. Experiencing menopause in the UK: The interrelated narratives of normality, distress, and transformation. J Women Aging 2018; 30(6): 520-540.
Grant MD, Marbella A, Wang AT, Pines E, Hoag J, Bonnell C et al. Menopausal Symptoms: Comparative Effectiveness of Therapies. March 2015. (AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews; Volume 147).
Hvas L. Positive aspects of menopause: a qualitative study. Maturitas 2001; 39(1): 11-17.
Mansfield PK, Koch PB, Gierach G. Husbands' support of their perimenopausal wives. Women Health 2003; 38(3): 97-112.
Marnocha SK, Bergstrom M, Dempsey LF. The lived experience of perimenopause and menopause. Contemp Nurse 2011; 37(2): 229-240.
Papini DR, Intrieri RC, Goodwin PE. Attitude toward menopause among married middle-aged adults. Women Health 2002; 36(4): 55-68.
Rubinstein HR, Foster JL. 'I don't know whether it is to do with age or to do with hormones and whether it is do with a stage in your life': making sense of menopause and the body. J Health Psychol 2013; 18(2): 292-307.
Shifren JL, Zincavage R, Cho EL, Magnavita A, Portman DJ, Krychman ML et al. Women's experience of vulvovaginal symptoms associated with menopause. Menopause 2019; 26(4): 341-349.
Walter CA. The psychosocial meaning of menopause: women's experiences. J Women Aging 2000; 12(3-4): 117-131.
Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO). Research on the menopause in the 1990s. Report of a WHO Scientific Group. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 1996; 866: 1-107.
IQWiG health information is written with the aim of helping people understand the advantages and disadvantages of the main treatment options and health care services.
Because IQWiG is a German institute, some of the information provided here is specific to the German health care system. The suitability of any of the described options in an individual case can be determined by talking to a doctor. informedhealth.org can provide support for talks with doctors and other medical professionals, but cannot replace them. We do not offer individual consultations.
Our information is based on the results of good-quality studies. It is written by a team of health care professionals, scientists and editors, and reviewed by external experts. You can find a detailed description of how our health information is produced and updated in our methods.